johnson



5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

N 0 S m. D TUM W H Patented Nov. 18, 1890.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

E... W. JOHNSON.

MQLD.

N0.-440,810.- Patented Nov. 18, 1890.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet; 3.

E. W. JOHNSON.

MOLD.

No. 440,810. Patented Nov. 18, 1890.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

B. W. JOHNSON. MOLD.

No. 440,810. Patented Nov. 18,1890.

EDXVARD IV. JOHNSON, OF NEl/V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE COE BRASSMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF TORRINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

MOLD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 440,810, dated.November 18, 1890.

Application filed June 12, 1890.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD W. JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molds; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in molds forcasting in- 1 gots, slabs, tubes, and similar articles from copper,brass, or other metal, and has for its object to improve upon theconstruction of the molds now commonly used for these purposes.

Heretofore in the process of casting brass and like metals into slabs,ingots, and wire rods it has been customary to employ a twopart moldhaving its sections normally disconnected and to secure said sectionstogether by rings or hoops and wedges. In the casting of tubular ingotsfor drawing into seamless tube a like mold has been employed in which acore is held in position by clamps.

The use of the molds just described introduces into the business ofcasting a necessity for skilled labor, and experienced casting handscommand high wages, particularly in the-manufacture of tubular ingots,the-perfect casting of which is esteemed particularly difficult.

It is the object of my invention to provide a mold into which the metalmay be introduced without the element of judgment required by thepresent method and with a saving of time to the workman over thewellknown hand-casting process, to provide a mold capable of producingcastings of great uniformity, and particularly in utilizing my inventionfor the production of tube-blanks, and to form said blanks with the boreperfectly axial.

Finally, it'is an object of my invention to provide means for drawingand holding together the sections of the mold, which shall be of greaterefficiency than those now in use and with these ends in view myinvention consists in the mold having its parts hinged together and themeans for closing said parts Serial No. 355,184. (No model.)

and combination of elements hereinafter fully I set forth, and thenrecited in the claims.

In order that those skilled in the art to which my invention appertainsmay fully understand its construction and method of operation, I willdescribe the same in detail, reference being had to'the accompanyingdrawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which Figure 1is a profile elevation of a mold made in accordance with my inventionand designed for casting ingots or tube blanks; Fig. 2, a frontelevation thereof, showing the screw-operating wheel; Fig. 3, a planView; Fig. at, a sectional elevation showing one part of the mold, thelining therein, and the core, all in elevation, and a cast tube and thetureen in vertical section; Fig. 5, a detail sectional elevation of themold-lining, core, and tube; Fig. 6, a like view, but showing aslightly-different shape of tube; Fig. 7, a detail plan view of thetureen as adapted for tube-casting; Figs. 8 and 9, front and profileelevations, respectively, of a mold so modified in shape as to beadapted for casting slabs or plates, but otherwise in accordance withthe preceding figures.

Like numerals denote the same parts in all the figures of the drawings.

The mold consists, primarily, of two parts or sections 1 and 2, whichare hinged together by a bolt, as 3, near their bottom ends, so thatthey may be swung apart, like the letter V, for cleaning and oilingprior to casting, and for the removal of the ingot or other object aftercasting. One of the parts is shown as detached in Fig. 4.. Any suitablebase 4 serves to support the mold as a whole. While it is not essential,I prefer to make the two parts of large interior diameter and to insertin these parts a pair of slabs or linings 5, in whose opposed faces themold proper is formed, and which are retained in position in anysuitable manner. This not only permits of changes in the size and shapeof the object to be produced by the substitution of .has a threadedbearing.

different linings, but it leaves the wear and tear of the mold to beprincipally borne by the inexpensive rather than the expensive portionof the apparatus. When in their closed or nearly closed position, guides6 insure the proper meeting of the parts.

At 'the rear of part 1 are formed or secured fouroutwardly-projectingposts 7, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) and8 is a heavy traveler-bar, which, asseen in the figures just mentioned, is guided between said posts, so asto be capable of a sliding movement toward and away from the part 1. Tothe ends of this bar are pivoted shackle'links 9, adapted to swinginward and embrace suitably-formed lugs 10 on the section 2 of the mold,or to swing out ward clear of said lugs, as shown in dotted lines inFig. 3. Then so swung outward, it will of course be understood that thesections are free to be opened for access to the mold. Through thecenter of the bar 8 a screw 11 Its forward end engages the rear face ofsection 1, and at its rear end it is provided with a hand-wheel 12 orits equivalent. The purpose of this screw is to back off thetraveler-block after the links are engaged with the lugs on section 2,and thereby draw the faces of the parts very tightly together to preventleakage.

The top ends of the two sections are recessed, (see dotted lines at thetop of Figs. 1 and 2,) and 12 is a tureen or bowl whose legs 13 restwithin the recess and thereby support it. At one side the edge of thetureen is cut away to provide a rest for the crucible in emptying thecontents of the latter, and transversely-extending handles 14 affordmeans for the manipulation and removal of the tureen. The bottom of thetureen is perforated either with a single hole or a plurality of holes17, grouped over the center of the mold and Varying in size or number,or both, according to the cubical contents of the mold, or for use inproducing tubular castings with an annular row of holes above the spacesurrounding the core, as seen in Figs. 4 and 7.

The mold of the first seven figures, when equipped as above specified,is capable of making solid castings of any shape to which its interiormay be conformed.

In using this mold for tubular castings, a tureen having acentrally-placed and axiallybored hub 15 is employed, (see Fig. 4,) andthe lower end of the mold is provided with a recess, which forms a seatfor one end of a cylindric core 16, whose diminished upper extremityenters and is held in place by the central orifice of the hub. The closeengagement of the legs of the tureen with the annular recessed topsurface of the two parts, as heretofore set forth, retains the corecentral within the mold. The core may be of any usual or suitablematerial.

In the drawings, A represents the casting.

In describing the operation of my invention I will set forth the methodof producing a tubular casting, since this contains all the stepsnecessary to make ingots or rods and in addition thereto has featurespeculiar to itself. The parts of the mold are first oiled, as is usualin casting brass. They are then closed together and the links swunginward over the hubs on part 2. By means of the screw the traveler-baris then backed 0E so as to draw the mold-sections very tightly together.(See Fig.1.) A core is then inserted from the top of the mold and itslower extremity seated in the recess, its reduced upper extremity beinginserted upward within the central hole of the tureen as the latter isset in position. A pot of metal of the proper heat is then emptied intothe tureen, not by gradually pouring, as in hand-casting, but bodily, soas to lodge in the tureen at once metal sufficient to fill the mold anda little to spare. Said metal then drains downward through the holes 17,at a rate determined by the number and size of the holes, until theinterior of the mold is filled.

The tureen should be lifted off immediately the mold is full and themetal and dross remainingin said turreen removed,as byinverting thelatter. As soon as the metal within the mold has set the shackles areloosened by reverse movement of the screw and then swung clearof thelugs, when the parts of the mold may be separated upon their hinge andthe casting and its contained core removed.

The mold shown in Figs. 8 and 9 needs no description beyond thatapplicable to the other figures, except to say that said mold isdesigned and intended for production of slabs and is slightly differentin construction to adapt it to that use. It has two sets of links andscrews, upper and lower, the links, bar, and screw of the lower set,Fig. 8, being shown as removed, and also the links in Fig. 9. The linksare also shown as oppositely pivoted relative to the preceding figures,their closed ends being adapted to swing over the ends of thetraveler-bar instead of over lugs on one of the parts. This is merelyareversal, however, and is entirely within the spirit of the precedingdescription. The tureen also is long and narrow and trough-shaped, itsbottom being perforated with a straight row of holes immediately overthe mouth of the mold, but separated slightly therefrom.

The use of the tureen having eduction-apertures of such size as toproperly regulate the inflow of metal conduces to great regularity inthe product for two reasons: first, the mold is filled every time alikeand in the same time, and, second, the metal is discharged directly overthe center of the mold, so that the air is expelled equally and no metalflows down the side walls. The space shown in the drawings asintervening between the bottom of the tureen and the mouth of the moldis sufficient to allow the air to flow freely outward as it is expelledby the metal.

I claim- 1. In a machine of the character described, the combination,with the two mold-sections with draining-apertures, said bowl havingalso legs 13, adapted to fit the recess in the top of the mold, wherebysaid tureen or bowl is held accuratelyover themold-opening,butwherebyfree space is afiorded between the bottom of the bowl and the top of themold, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD W. JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

S. H. HUBBARD, WM. J. TANNER.

